![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() All this dovetails with efforts already under way to strengthen the international normative and legal framework for the protection of the environment in the context of armed conflict.Īs well as benefiting Ukraine itself, all this could set positive precedents for and strengthen international mechanisms to account for, remediate and perhaps even prevent environmental crimes and damage related to armed conflict. However, as this SIPRI Topical Backgrounder sets out, Ukrainian authorities, civil society and international partners are responding vigorously to these challenges, not only by drawing attention to the ecological impacts of the war but also by recording and measuring those impacts, pursuing accountability and restitution, and laying the groundwork for a green reconstruction. On top of this, the war effort has directed government attention and resources away from environmental governance and climate action, posing additional risks for national, regional and global sustainable development. ![]() The longer-term costs for Ukraine with regard to lost ecosystem services are much harder to quantify. Measurable environmental damage-valued by Ukrainian authorities at an estimated US$46 billion and still rising-includes direct war damage to air, forests, soil and water remnants and pollution from the use of weapons and military equipment and contamination from the shelling of thousands of facilities holding toxic and hazardous materials. It has also had devastating ecological impacts. This large-scale land invasion has had repercussions across the geopolitical, humanitarian, financial, and even food and energy domains. Next month will mark one year since Russia began its full-scale war on Ukraine. ![]()
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